LONDON (IT BOLTWISE) – A new study shows that electric cars are significantly more climate-friendly than combustion engines after the first two years of use. Despite initial CO2 pollution from battery production, electric cars outperform their fossil counterparts in the long term in terms of their environmental footprint. The increasing use of renewable energy in the power grid further reinforces this advantage.
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Electric cars are often criticized for not being more climate-friendly than combustion engines due to the energy-intensive battery production. A recent study by Duke University, published in the journal “PLOS Climate,” initially confirms these concerns, but shows that electric cars are significantly more environmentally friendly after two years. The study compares the CO2 emissions and air pollutants of electric vehicles and gasoline vehicles up to 2050.
In the first two years of use, electric cars emit around 30 percent more CO2 than combustion engines. This is primarily due to the energy-intensive mining of lithium and battery production. But from the third year onwards, the balance is reversed: the cumulative emissions of electric cars are then lower than those of their fossil alternatives. This trend is being further strengthened by the increasing feed-in of renewable energy into the power grid.
In the long term, every additional kilowatt hour of battery capacity leads to a significant reduction in CO2 emissions. In 2030, emissions will fall by an average of 220 kilos per kilowatt hour and in 2050 by 127 kilos. Electric vehicles are also more economically advantageous: they cause two to three times less damage to the climate and air quality than combustion engines.
The study is based on assumptions about average mileage and battery capacity, but does not take emissions into account when expanding the charging infrastructure. Nevertheless, the trend is clear: the cleaner the electricity production, the greater the ecological advantage of electric cars. Previous studies confirm these results, and experts expect this trend to continue to grow as electricity supplies are decarbonized and batteries become more efficient.
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