SAN ANTONIO / LONDON (IT BOLTWISE) – An international team of astronomers led by researchers at UT San Antonio has discovered two substellar companions orbiting young, previously unexplored stars. These discoveries provide a critical target for NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, scheduled to launch in May 2027.
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An international team of astronomers led by researchers at UT San Antonio has discovered two substellar companions orbiting young, previously unexplored stars. These discoveries are the first results of a new program called OASIS (Observing Accelerators with SCExAO Imaging Survey), which finds and characterizes massive gas giants like Jupiter. The discoveries provide a critical target for NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, scheduled to launch in May 2027.
The discoveries were made through a novel combination of precise measurements of stars with the Gaia space telescope and adaptive optics imaging with the Subaru and Keck telescopes in Hawaii. This technique makes it possible to photograph faint companions whose gravity alters the stars’ movements. OASIS is an international collaboration of astronomers from the United States, Japan, Canada, Chile and Europe and is supported by the National Science Foundation and NASA.
The first discovery, HIP 54515 b, is a gas giant with a mass of almost 18 Jupiter masses orbiting a star with twice the mass of the Sun at a distance similar to Neptune. This discovery is particularly interesting because of its eccentricity, which suggests a dynamic origin story. The second discovery, HIP 71618 B, is a brown dwarf about 60 times more massive than Jupiter and has high eccentricity. This discovery could play an important role in future searches for Earth-like planets.
The OASIS program builds on the first planetary discovery achieved through astrometry and imaging together. These new discoveries could help clarify how planets and brown dwarfs form and how their atmospheres evolve. They provide NASA with additional targets to refine the exoplanet imaging technologies needed to discover a habitable Earth-like planet in the future.
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