PILBARA / LONDON (IT BOLTWISE) – A mysterious object found in Western Australia’s remote Pilbara region is shining a spotlight on the growing problem of space debris. Experts suspect it is part of a Chinese rocket that was launched in September. This discovery highlights the urgent need to find solutions to the growing amount of space debris orbiting the Earth.
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The discovery of a burning object on a remote road in Western Australia’s Pilbara region has drawn attention to the growing problem of space debris. Initial investigations indicate that it is part of a Chinese Jielong-3 rocket that was launched in September. This rocket had placed twelve satellites into low Earth orbit.
Space debris includes all man-made objects in space that no longer serve a purpose. This includes decommissioned satellites and rocket parts left behind after satellites are released into orbit. Space debris is typically disposed of by re-entering the Earth’s atmosphere, where it burns up due to friction and heat.
A particularly problematic part of space debris is spent rocket parts. According to a study presented recently at the International Astronautical Congress in Sydney, 88% of the most worrisome objects in low Earth orbit are rocket bodies. These objects are created at a higher rate than they return to Earth’s atmosphere.
The uncontrolled re-entry of space debris is another problem. Once a spacecraft runs out of fuel or batteries, its orbit begins to drift. If the piece of debris is large enough, its re-entry can be predicted, most often over the sea or in sparsely populated areas. But everything doesn’t always go according to plan, as an incident in April 2022 shows, when parts of a Chinese rocket crashed near a house in India.
To reduce the problem of space debris, passivation is used as a strategy. This involves using up all of a spacecraft’s fuel and batteries to prevent a spontaneous explosion that could create more debris. However, this leaves no possibility for a controlled re-entry.
International cooperation and new technologies offer hope for a more sustainable use of space. The European Space Agency is promoting the Zero Debris Charter, which aims to achieve a neutral balance in space debris production by 2030. However, in the short term, the amount of debris falling to Earth is expected to increase.
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