SAN FRANCISCO / LONDON (IT BOLTWISE) – A new combination therapy to control HIV without antiretroviral therapy is showing promising results. In a study with ten participants, seven of them were able to maintain control of the virus after stopping therapy. These advances could pave the way for new treatment approaches.
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Finding an effective therapy to control HIV without the use of antiretroviral drugs is a central goal of medical research. A recent study from San Francisco is examining the effectiveness of a combination therapy consisting of an HIV vaccination, stimulation of the immune system and the administration of broadly neutralizing antibodies. These approaches have shown promising results in animal studies, but translation to humans remains a challenge.
In the study, ten HIV-positive people who were already on antiretroviral therapy were given combination therapy. This involved therapeutic vaccination with an HIV Gag protein-targeting DNA+IL-12 prime/MVA boost regimen, followed by administration of two broadly neutralizing antibodies and a Toll-like receptor 9 agonist during viral load suppression. After stopping antiretroviral therapy, antibody administration was repeated.
Amazingly, seven of the ten participants were able to control the virus after the intervention without the antibodies still being detectable in the plasma. Particularly noteworthy was the strong increase in activated CD8+ T cells, which correlated with a lower viral load after the peak of viremia. These results suggest that combination therapy has the potential to improve control of HIV by slowing viral replication and strengthening the immune response.
The study highlights the need to further optimize such approaches to achieve sustainable control of HIV. The researchers emphasize that improving CD8+ T cell responses could be a key to successfully controlling the virus. These advances could not only improve the quality of life of those affected, but also advance the development of new therapies that do not require the use of antiretroviral drugs.
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