The winter season is quickly approaching, whether we like it or not. As temperatures drop and workouts move primarily indoors, an often-ignored health factor is coming to light: poor air quality. Studies show that the air in some gyms can contain higher pollution levels than outdoor environments, potentially impacting factors like performance and recovery. Think about it—when we exercise, our lungs are working up to ten times harder than at rest. If the air we’re taking in isn’t clean, it can affect overall health, according to Protein Works sports and exercise expert, Fraser Richardson.
“When dozens of people are working out together in a confined studio, the air can quickly become congested,” Richardson says. “The combination of CO₂ from heavy breathing, dust particles stirred up by movement, and chemicals from cleaning products or rubber mats can all contribute, particularly when ventilation systems are insufficient to keep the air fresh.”
Polluted air triggers inflammation throughout the body, which can slow muscle repair, increase soreness, and make it harder to bounce back between workout sessions. Not to mention, energy and endurance are directly tied to how much oxygen your body can use during exercise. So when oxygen levels drop because of CO₂ buildup in crowded gyms, your muscles get less of the fuel they need. In turn, you may find yourself fatiguing faster or struggling to hit your usual numbers.
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Your mind and mood can feel the impact, too. Clean air supports mental clarity, focus, and motivation, which are all crucial for a good workout. Poor air quality can lead to headaches, brain fog, and fatigue.
Paying attention to your environment can make a real difference in how your body feels and performs, especially during the winter months when our bodies are more vulnerable to illness. If you’re worried about the air quality in your gym, Richardson’s has some tips:
- Ask about air quality. Many gyms still don’t monitor air quality, so transparency around ventilation and filtration is becoming a sign of a health-conscious facility.
- Train at slower times, when possible. Fewer people means less CO₂ buildup and cleaner air.
- Be extra mindful during cold and flu season. Wipe down equipment and wash your hands.
- Mix indoor and outdoor sessions. Add outdoor walks or runs for a little fresh air.
- Try cardio at home. If you have a walking pad, exercise bike, or treadmill, doing cardio at home allows you to focus on mindful movement in your own, well-ventilated space.
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